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Sobre o Futebol

Você não entende muito sobre o futebol (chamado de “soccer” pelos americanos)? Este resumo o ajudará a entender o jogo um pouco melhor.

O BÁSICO

  • O futebol é jogado num campo de 90 a 120 metros de comprimento e de 45 a 90 metros de largura mas para partidas internacionais se recomenda as seguintes medidas: entre 100 e 110 metros de comprimento, e entre 64 e 75 metros de largura. A cada extremo do campo ficam localizadas as balizas ou traves do gol, que são constituídas de dois postes verticais (conhecidos como traves) de 2,44 metros de altura localizados a 7,32 metros de distância um do outro e sobre o centro de cada linha de fundo. As partes superiores dos postes são unidas por outro poste horizontal, conhecido como travessão.
  • O objetivo do jogo é, evidentemente, fazer mais gols que o adversário.
  • A soccer game consists of two halves of 45 minutes each, separated by a 15-minute halftime.
  • O jogo tem a duração de 90 minutos e é dividido em dois tempos, cada um de 45 minutos, com um intervalo de 15 minutos entre eles.
    • O placar mostra um relógio que não para durante todo o jogo, mas o árbitro disconta o tempo em que a bola está fora de campo, adicionando o tempo perdido ao final de cada tempo.

OS JOGADORES

  • • Cada time tem 1o jogadores e um goleiro (máximo 11 jogadores e no mínimo 7).
  • Todos os jogadores podem tocar e mover a bola com seus pés, suas pernas, sua cabeça e seu peito. O goleiro é o único que pode tocar a bola com as mãos e somente dentro das áreas marcadas ao redor do gol.
  • Há basicamente três posições no time: defesa, meio-campo e ataque:
    • O papel principal dos da defesa é impedir que o time adversário avance rumo ao gol. Os da defesa também são chamados de beque, zagueiros ou defesa central.
    • O meio-campo controla a bola e dá o passe para aos atacantes.
    • O papel do atacante, ou centroavante, é fazer gols. O atacante que faz mais gols é chamado de artilheiro.

Á

  • There is one referee on the field controlling the game, and three assistants: one on each end of the field and one in the middle handling substitutions. The main job of the two end assistants is to watch for off-sides, which is when a forward is closer to the opposing team’s goal than that goal’s defender.
  • When a player performs an illegal activity, such as touching the ball with a hand or fouling (e.g. pushing, kicking, tripping, holding) another player, the referee gives a free kick or a penalty kick to the opposing team.
    • A free kick allows the fouled player to kick the ball from the place where the foul occurred.
    • A penalty kick is a free shot at the goal, without the protection of the defenders – only the kicker and the goalkeeper are allowed within the 18-yard box in front of the goal. A penalty kick is given only when a foul occurs within the goalkeeper’s box.
  • The referee can give yellow and red cards to players who exhibit excessive and/or purposeful misconduct.
    • A yellow card is essentially a warning; if a player accumulates two yellow cards in the course of a game he is immediately expelled from the game. His team has to play one man down the rest of the game.
    • A red card is an immediate expulsion from the game.

OUT OF BOUNDS

  • If the ball is kicked out of bounds on either sideline, a player from the opposing team gets to throw it back in. He can only throw from straight over his head and both feet must be on the ground.
  • If a player kicks the ball out of bounds on either side of the opposing team’s goal, the goalkeeper or another member of the opposing team gets a goal kick, in which he kicks the ball back into play.
  • If a player kicks the ball out of bounds on either side of his own team’s goal, a player from the opposing team gets a corner kick, in which he kicks the ball back into play from a corner of the field.

DRAWS & WINS

  • Rules differ according to tournament, but in the FIFA World CupTM, a game can end in a draw (i.e., a tie) during the group stages.
  • Once the competition moves to the round of 16 and beyond, each game must have a winner.
    • If at the end of regulation time a game is tied, two extra halves of 15 minutes each are played.
    • If after this the game is still tied, teams move on to a penalty shootout, which consists of five penalty kicks for each team (i.e., a player kicking the ball toward the goal with only the goalkeeper defending). Each penalty kick must be kicked by a different player, and the team scoring the most goals wins.
    • If after this the game is still tied, penalty kicks continue, one per team, until one team scores and the other misses.
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